【澳纽网综合编译报道】
新西兰17日派遣空军 P-3″ 猎户座 ” 巡逻机前往汤加评估火山喷发及海啸造成的损失,指出汤加主要岛屿汤加塔布岛(Tongatapu)西部沿岸及各岛受到火山灰和海啸冲击,损失惨重。海底火山喷发已致 3 人死亡,
综合路透社、英国广播公司(BBC)报导,新西兰高级公署(The New Zealand High Commission)表示,勘查结果显示聚集许多度假村的汤加塔布岛西部沿岸及首都努瓜娄发(Nuku’alofa)滨海地区有”重大灾损”,此外,整座岛屿都被覆盖上一层厚重的火山灰。
New high definition before and after satellite images from Nukuʻalofa, the capital of Tonga, contain comparatively good news: Though there is obvious tsunami damage, most buildings appear to be intact, though covered in volcanic ash.
(📸: @Maxar) pic.twitter.com/Z6FqCtsTOq
— Evan Hill (@evanhill) January 18, 2022
度假村业主表示,位在主岛希希福半岛(Hihifo)的哈塔夫度假村(The Ha’atafu Beach Resort)”完全被摧毁”。
新西兰国防部今日也公开P-3K2 猎户式(Orion)侦察机拍摄到的画面,照片显示诺穆卡(Nomuka)岛覆盖上一层厚重的火山灰。
NEWS📢 The NZ Government has released an update on New Zealand’s support to #Tonga ➡️https://t.co/01JrI41gNx#Force4NZ #NZAirForce pic.twitter.com/TeYAvdRJMR
— NZ Defence Force (@NZDefenceForce) January 18, 2022
海底火山爆发切断汤加主要的海底通讯缆线,至今汤加王国对外联系仍旧中断。
A massive cloud of volcanic ash blanketed Tonga over the weekend. Watch the moment the underwater volcano erupts. https://t.co/x7uMUGU2OK pic.twitter.com/WJxxbV02IY
— CNN (@CNN) January 17, 2022
澳洲昨日同样派出侦察机勘查汤加灾情,澳洲太平洋事务部长赛索嘉(Zed Seselja)表示,至今尚未取得进一步讯息显示汤加有重大伤亡,他说优先任务是提供汤加援助物资,不过最大的问题是汤加机场覆盖了大量火山灰,他预期机场19日才能开通。
新西兰新闻网站stuff.co.nz报导,联合国卫星中心(United Nations Satellite Centre)也公开诺穆卡岛的灾后卫星画面,联合国卫星中心分析了岛上部份区域的104栋建筑,指出其中36栋毁损,画面显示几乎所有建筑都覆盖上一层火山灰。
All the analysis results and latest updates on the #Tongaeruption will be available on the live web map
🗺️➡️https://t.co/bC6GOSuIm8@UNOCHA_Pacific @OCHAAsiaPac @TongaMissionUN @DisastersChart #TongaVolcano #TongaTsunami #Tongaeruption #HungaTonga #HungaTongaHungaHaapai— UNOSAT (@UNOSAT) January 17, 2022
汤加昨日也传出首位罹难者,死者是移居汤加的50岁英国女子葛洛佛(Angela Glover),家人表示,海啸袭来时,葛洛佛为了营救爱犬被海浪冲走,丈夫后续寻获她的遗体。
Angela Glover’s brother Nick Eleini reveals her body has been found https://t.co/cLAGuDl9Cf via @MailOnline
— 🍁 Julz 🍁 (@Julzangell) January 17, 2022
葛洛佛与丈夫詹姆士(James Glover)于2015年结婚后移居汤加首都努瓜娄发,詹姆士在当地开刺青店,葛洛佛则创办汤加动物福利协会(Tonga Animal Welfare Society),收容流浪动物,并为它们寻觅新家。
尽管新西兰官方表示汤加主岛有”重大灾损”,不过国际红十字与红新月会联盟(International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies)太平洋区总监葛林伍德(Katie Greenwood)指出,几个主要人口聚集的地区,灾情可能不如原先预想的那样严重。
汤加政府灾后首发声明:灾难“前所未有” 破坏严重
汤加政府18日首次发表声明,通报详情和救援努力进展。声明称,汤加遭遇的这场灾难是“前所未有”的。
FIRST OFFICIAL UPDATE FOLLOWING THE VOLCANIC ERUPTION FROM THE GOVERNMENT OF TONGA 🇹🇴 pic.twitter.com/fX3KPlKx2E
— Consulate of the Kingdom of Tonga (@ConsulateKoT) January 18, 2022
汤加政府在声明中还确认三人丧生,其中两名为当地人,另外一名是英国公民。
上周六(15日)的火山爆发令这个太平洋岛国大范围被火山灰覆盖,电力供应和通讯受到严重影响,并且在遭受海啸袭击一天后仍然不能与外界恢复通讯联络。
汤加政府在声明中说,互联网仍无法运行,但是一些当地电话连线已经恢复。通讯设施修复努力仍在进行中。
声明还说,一些小的离岛遭受的破坏尤其严重,一座小岛上所有的房屋都被破坏,另外一座小岛上仅存两栋房屋。
火山灰阻碍了救援努力。志愿人员继续清理主要机场的跑道,为运送汤加人急需的饮用水和其他救援物资的飞机降落扫清障碍。
汤加政府的声明还说:
主岛汤加塔布岛(Tongatapu)数十栋房屋遭破坏;
灾民正从受灾最严重的岛屿撤离;
火山灰“严重影响”了供水;
航班暂停,海上运送路线被打乱
来源:BBC
外岛严重受损——芒果岛上的所有房屋被毁
汤加的海上部队在火山爆发后的第二天部署了一艘巡逻舰,第一响应者包括一支卫生小组和其他专家,他们被派往哈阿派群岛的“Otumu’omu”岛。
船员配备了救灾物资,包括水、食物和帐篷。
由于在那里看到的损坏被描述为“严重”,巡逻船昨天再次派出另一支医疗队、更多资源和紧急救援人员前往芒果岛、福诺伊法岛和野木卡岛。
“第一批货物将运往这些岛屿,因为芒果岛上的所有房屋都被摧毁;Fonoifua 岛上只剩下两座房屋,Nomuka 岛上受到广泛破坏,”媒体发布说。
新西兰拍到汤加一些照片,令人担心
新西兰国防军拍摄的照片显示,这个太平洋岛国已被火山灰覆盖。据了解,汤加由170多个岛屿组成,其中36个岛有人居住。汤加约有10.5万人口,其中大部分生活在主岛汤加塔布岛,爆发火山的岛屿位于汤加首都努库阿洛法以北约65千米的洪阿哈阿帕伊岛。
新西兰国防军拍摄的照片显示,汤加的芒果岛(Mango island)上有一个村庄被整个摧毁。另外,芒果岛旁边的阿塔塔岛(Atata island)上有许多建筑物消失不见了。
![Atata Island: Catastrophic damage. Collateral imagery indicates a large number of buildings missing. Remaining structures had probable flood damage. Multiple trees were uprooted with debris throughout.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/q/9/f/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywq8x.png/1642494524440.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
一项综合情报评估 (GIA) 称,芒果岛遭受了“灾难性”破坏。
据说整个村庄都被摧毁了,在岛上的高处搭建了临时的防水油布避难所。
![Mango Island: Catastrophic damage was observed with the entire village destroyed. Temporary tarpaulin shelters had been erected on the island's higher areas. Debris was observed throughout the village.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/q/9/m/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywq8x.png/1642494524440.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
Fonoifua 和 Nomuka 岛都遭受了广泛的破坏,Nomuka 看到大部分沿海建筑物被洪水摧毁,建筑物严重受损,仍然屹立不倒。 据 NZDF 称,野木卡岛上的大岛池塘里满是杂物。
![Supplied imagery attributed to the New Zealand Defence Force, showing the surveyed damage caused by the Tongan volcano eruption on January 15.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/q/9/n/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywq8x.png/1642494524440.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
![Fua'amotu International Airport was assessed to have limited damage but unserviceable due to a layer of ash that covered the runway, taxiways, and aprons. Ash was thickest on the NW end of the runway. Clearance operations by shovel and wheelbarrow were under way on the SE end of the runway. No heavy excavation machinery was observed. The airport buildings had a layer of ash on the surfaces. The walls and roofs appeared intact.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/q/9/r/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywq8x.png/1642494524440.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
![Ha'apai Airport was assessed as probably unserviceable due to ash on the runway obscuring all runway markings. The terminal did not have any observable damage. Cones were located at the road crossing at the western end of the runway.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/q/9/l/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywq8x.png/1642494524440.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
由于跑道上的灰烬遮盖了所有跑道标记,哈派机场被评估为可能无法使用。 终端没有任何可观察到的损坏。 锥体位于跑道西端的马路交叉口。
并非所有看到的破坏都是由火山爆发和海啸造成的。 Ha’afeva Island Wharf 已被破坏,但据估计这已经发生了。
![Ha'afeva Island Wharf: The jetty on the eastern side of the island had suffered extensive damage and was unserviceable. It is assessed that at least some of the damage had occurred prior to the eruption.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/q/9/v/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywq8x.png/1642494524440.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
Ha’afeva Island Wharf:该岛东侧的码头遭到严重破坏,无法使用。 据估计,至少有一些损害发生在喷发之前。
![The Niutoua Village wind farm was assessed to have limited damage. Two of the wind turbines were dismantled on the ground. Collateral imagery showed these had been intentionally dismantled since at least May 2021. A layer of ash covered the service roads.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/q/9/9/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywq8x.png/1642494524440.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
![The bridge between Koulo and Fangale'ounga was serviceable. Washout damage was observed at the northern end, however was assessed to have minimal impact on serviceability.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/q/9/e/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywq8x.png/1642494524440.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
Koulo 和 Fangal’ounga 之间的桥梁可以使用。 在北端观察到冲刷损坏,但经评估对可维修性的影响很小。
HMNZS Wellington 和 HMNZS Aotearoa 两艘军舰已启程前往汤加,一架 C-130 Hercules 飞机正在待命,此时跑道上的灰烬已经清除了跑道标记。
政府还为汤加的人道主义援助基金拨款 100 万纽币。
![HMNZS Aotearoa leaving Devonport for Tonga stocked with emergency supplies and resources in the wake of a once in a 1000 year catastrophe.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/q/a/6/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywq8x.png/1642494524440.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
联合国卫星中心(UNOSAT)发布了显示汤加海啸影响的卫星图像
这些图像显示了汤加小岛野木卡的损坏情况。
UNOSAT 表示,它已经分析了一个无云区域的 104 座建筑物,其中 41 座建筑物被确定为受损。
![Fafaa Village in Tonga was showing evidence of water invasion and structure damage.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/p/x/o/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywpnx.png/1642481159161.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
![Kolomotu’a Village showed water invasion and potential structure damage on the shoreline.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/p/x/p/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywpnx.png/1642481159161.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
![Fefe Ho Loto Golden Sands had its shoreline damaged.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/p/x/q/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywpnx.png/1642481159161.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
![The runway at Fua’amotu Airport has been affected.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/p/x/s/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywpnx.png/1642481159161.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
Fua’amotu机场的跑道受到影响。
![Pangai Town had affected structures, shoreline and water invasion.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/p/x/t/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywpnx.png/1642481159161.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
![Lifuka Village in the Pangai district had roads and structures affected, along with water invasion.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/p/x/u/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywpnx.png/1642481159161.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
![A wallgate and structures were damaged in ‘Uiha Village.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/p/x/v/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywpnx.png/1642481159161.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
![Nomuka Village had an affected shoreline, road and structures.](https://resources.stuff.co.nz/content/dam/images/4/y/w/p/x/w/image.related.StuffLandscapeSixteenByNine.710x400.4ywpnx.png/1642481159161.jpg?format=pjpg&optimize=medium)
此外,美联社援引了一位网名 “Nightingale Filihia” 的在汤女子在社交媒体上传的一段视频。这段约 10 分钟的视频拍摄到火山灰 ” 雨 ” 从天空中倾泻而下的场景,周围的能见度越来越低,天色也 ” 瞬间 ” 暗了下来。
18 日下午,汤加官员称汤加王国的详细受灾情况还未可知。国防部长佩尼 · 埃纳雷(Peeni Henare)确认,这场灾难已致两名汤加国民和一名英国女子死亡。
声明称,一名来自芒果岛的 65 岁妇女和一名来自野木香岛的 49 岁男子也死亡了。
A 65-year-old woman from Mango Island and a 49-year-old man from Nomuka Island, also died, the statement said.
由于努库阿洛法国际机场跑道被厚厚的火山灰所覆盖,新西兰向汤加派出的运输机无法降落,埃纳雷确认,新西兰方面已经派出两艘军舰,将包括饮用水在内的紧急救援物资送进汤加。
今天早前,埃纳雷说,水是汤加最紧缺的资源之一。
“(新西兰)还提供了一些仪器,可以让我们的潜水员在水下进行工作,确切了解火山喷发在海底造成的影响,” 埃纳雷说。
与此同时,在新西兰国家管理署建议,海啸后强烈而异常的洋流预计将持续至少 24 小时。” 尤其是北岛和南岛的东、南、西海岸,” 一位发言人说。
截至目前,汤加还没有新冠确诊病例,并将实行严格的边境管控措施。新西兰方面正在讨论为汤加提供长期支持的方案。
汤加某地去年年底与火山喷发后卫星图像对比 图自 Maxar
英国火山学博士罗宾 · 乔治 · 安德鲁斯对媒体这次火山喷发是千年一遇的事件。对于这种火山,大约要一千年才能积累这样的能量。斐济环境部门 17 日警告,卫星数据显示,汤加及周边国家大气中的二氧化硫浓度增高,可能导致酸雨,民众在下雨时应尽可能待在家中,并采取措施防止雨水污染饮用水。
在汤加失联的中国男找到了 使馆:部分侨胞损失惨重
在当地工作的广州男子朱健雄失联2天
1月17日18:28
@领事直通车 发微博:
驻汤加使馆确认朱先生安全
汤加火山爆发瞬间和前后对比照曝光 好惊人
汤加这座无法居住岛屿 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai 照片显示,由于下面 12 英里(约 19.3 公里)宽的火山喷发的力量,中间三分之一的陆地 ” 坍塌 ” 入海面以下。
卫星图像显示了汤加火山爆发发生的地点
据美国《国家地理》杂志报道,当山体岩石从陆地上落入大海时,就会发生这种火山 ” 坍塌事件 “。
Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai 火山喷发
Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai 中间三分之一的陆地 ” 坍塌 ” 入海面以下
Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai 火山此前曾在 2014 年和 2015 年喷发,形成了上周六卫星照片上可以看到的这座岛屿。根据美国史密森学会的全球火山计划,它于去年 12 月 20 日再次开始喷发。气象学家克里斯 · 瓦斯基(Chris Vagky)告诉《国家地理》杂志,火山的爆炸性越来越强,释放的能量达到了创纪录的水平。
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