Today marks one year since Hamas militants crossed into Israel and launched a large-scale terror attack, killing more than 1000 people and kidnapping more than 200 others.
【澳纽网编译】今天是哈马斯武装分子越境进入以色列发动大规模恐怖袭击一周年，这次袭击造成 1000 多人死亡，200 多人被绑架。

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Days later, Israel announced it was at war, and began a brutal, long-term retaliation on the militant group in Gaza.
几天后，以色列宣布参战，并开始对加沙的激进组织进行残酷、长期的报复。

Tens of thousands of people have died in Israeli strikes in Gaza in the past year.
过去一年，数万人在以色列对加沙的空袭中丧生。

More than 1000 people have also died in Lebanon in recent weeks, as Israel pivots its attacks towards Hamas ally Hezbollah.
最近几周，黎巴嫩也有 1000 多人死亡，因为以色列将袭击转向哈马斯盟友真主党。

Some of the Israeli hostages taken in the initial Hamas attack are still believed to be held in Gaza.
据信，在哈马斯最初袭击中被劫持的一些以色列人质仍被关押在加沙。

Millions of people have been displaced and face severe shortages of water, food, medical care and fuel.
数百万人流离失所，面临水、食物、医疗保健和燃料的严重短缺。

Many have moved multiple times and are sheltering in schools, refugee camps or rubble, as the conflict extends its tendrils into Yemen, Syria and Israel itself.
许多人已经多次搬迁，在学校、难民营或废墟中避难，因为冲突的卷须已经蔓延到也门、叙利亚和以色列本身。

RNZ has compiled a timeline of major events in the region since the attack.
RNZ 编制了一份自袭击以来该地区重大事件的时间表。

October 7 2023: Hamas militants cross into Israel, attacking communities in the south, killing 1200 people and taking an estimated 240 hostages. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announces Israel is at war. Retaliatory Israel air strikes on Gaza begin.
2023 年 10 月 7 日：哈马斯武装分子越境进入以色列，袭击了南部的社区，造成 1200 人死亡，并劫持了大约 240 名人质。以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡宣布以色列处于战争状态。以色列开始对加沙进行报复性空袭。

October 8 2023: Lebanese militant group Hezbollah, an ally of Hamas and also Iranian backed, begins what will be continual cross-border shelling attacks from Lebanon into Israel’s north.
2023 年 10 月 8 日：黎巴嫩激进组织真主党是哈马斯的盟友，也是伊朗的支持者，开始从黎巴嫩向以色列北部发动持续的跨境炮击袭击。

October 13 2023: Israel tells the residents of Gaza city, more than one million people, to evacuate to the territory’s south. Hundreds of thousands of Palestinians flee.
2023 年 10 月 13 日：以色列告诉加沙市的 100 多万居民撤离到该地区的南部。数十万巴勒斯坦人逃离。

October 17 2023: An explosion at a hospital in Gaza causes outrage in the Arab world. Palestinians blame the attack on Israel. Israel says it was caused by a misfiring Palestinian rocket. The US backs Israel’s explanation. US President Joe Biden is due to have a summit with Arab leaders the next day. It is called off.
2023 年 10 月 17 日：加沙一家医院发生爆炸，在阿拉伯世界引起愤怒。巴勒斯坦人将袭击归咎于以色列。以色列表示，这是由一枚发射失火的巴勒斯坦火箭引起的。美国支持以色列的解释。美国总统乔·拜登（Joe Biden）将于第二天与阿拉伯领导人举行峰会。它被取消了。

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October 19 2023: A US warship intercepts missiles and drones launched over the Red Sea by Houthis in Yemen. The Houthis, another Iranian-backed group, say their attacks are in solidarity with Hamas in Gaza. It continues sporadic, ongoing attacks on the critical shipping route, leaving some ships to be abandoned or re-routed.
2023 年 10 月 19 日：一艘美国军舰拦截了胡塞武装在也门红海上空发射的导弹和无人机。另一个伊朗支持的组织胡塞武装（Houthis）表示，他们的袭击是为了声援加沙的哈马斯。它继续对关键航线进行零星、持续的攻击，导致一些船只被遗弃或改道。

October 21 2023: Aid trucks are allowed into Gaza through the Rafah border crossing in Egypt. It comes after days of diplomatic efforts, and will deliver only a small part of the food, water, medicines and fuel those trapped in Gaza need.
2023 年 10 月 21 日：援助卡车获准通过埃及的拉法边境口岸进入加沙。经过数天的外交努力，它只会提供被困在加沙的人们所需的一小部分食物、水、药品和燃料。

October 27 2023: The Israeli military launches a broader ground offensive into Gaza.
2023 年 10 月 27 日：以色列军队对加沙发动了更广泛的地面攻势。

November 1 2023: Evacuations begin from Gaza through the Rafah crossing into Egypt for thousands of foreign passport holders, dual nationals and their dependants, as well as those needing urgent medical treatment.
2023 年 11 月 1 日：数千名外国护照持有人、双重国籍人士及其家属以及需要紧急医疗救治的人从加沙开始通过 Rafah 过境点撤离到埃及。

November 8 2023: The death toll in Gaza surpasses 10,000, according to the Hamas-run Health Ministry in Gaza. International pressure is mounting on Israel to stop killing civilians in Palestinian territories. Israel maintains it is targeting Hamas.
2023 年 11 月 8 日：据哈马斯控制的加沙卫生部称，加沙的死亡人数超过 10,000 人。国际社会对以色列施加的压力越来越大，要求以色列停止在巴勒斯坦领土上杀害平民。以色列坚称它的目标是哈马斯。

November 9 2023: Israel says a Syrian drone has hit its southern city of Eilat.
2023 年 11 月 9 日：以色列表示一架叙利亚无人机袭击了其南部城市埃拉特。

November 21 2023: Israel and Hamas announced the first truce of the conflict. They agree to pause fighting for four days to exchange hostages held in Gaza for Palestinians detained by Israel. It also allows for more aid to be let into Gaza.
2023 年 11 月 21 日：以色列和哈马斯宣布冲突首次休战。他们同意暂停战斗四天，以交换被关押在加沙的人质，以换取被以色列拘留的巴勒斯坦人。它还允许更多的援助进入加沙。

November 22 2023: The exchange of Israeli hostages and Palestinian detainees begins. In all, 105 hostages and 240 Palestinians are exchanged and the initial truce is extended for three extra days.
2023 年 11 月 22 日：以色列人质和巴勒斯坦被拘留者的交换开始。总共交换了 105 名人质和 240 名巴勒斯坦人，最初的休战时间延长了三天。

December 1 2023: The truce between Hamas and Israel collapses, and fighting resumes.
2023 年 12 月 1 日：哈马斯和以色列之间的停战协议破裂，战斗重新开始。

December 6 2023: The UN Secretary General António Guterres brings a vote on a cease fire in Gaza to the Security Council. 13 countries vote for it, the US vetoes and the UK abstains.
2023 年 12 月 6 日：联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯 （António Guterres） 向安理会提交关于加沙停火的投票。13 个国家投票赞成，美国否决，英国弃权。

December 10 2023: Hamas says it’s reviewing a three-stage Egyptian proposal for a cease fire.
2023 年 12 月 10 日：哈马斯表示正在审查埃及的三阶段停火提案。

December 12 2023: Biden says Israel’s “indiscriminate bombing” of Gaza is costing it international support, marking a clear shift in America’s stance. Several senior US officials will make visits to Israel in the coming weeks to try promote diplomacy over violence.
2023 年 12 月 12 日：拜登表示，以色列对加沙的“无差别轰炸”使其失去了国际支持，这标志着美国立场的明显转变。几名美国高级官员将在未来几周内访问以色列，试图促进外交而非暴力。

December 15 2023: Israeli forces mistakenly kill three hostages in Gaza, which leads to some of the most vocal criticism of the war within Israel. However, Israel’s campaign in Gaza still has widespread domestic support.
2023 年 12 月 15 日：以色列军队在加沙错误地杀害了三名人质，这导致了以色列国内对战争的一些最直言不讳的批评。然而，以色列在加沙的行动仍然得到了国内的广泛支持。

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December 22 2023: The death toll in Gaza surpasses 20,000, according to the Hamas-run Health Ministry in Gaza. The Islamic Resistance in Iraq, an Iranian-backed militia, says it has launched a long-range attack on Israel. Israel reports no impact.
2023 年 12 月 22 日：据哈马斯控制的加沙卫生部称，加沙的死亡人数超过 20,000 人。伊朗支持的民兵组织伊拉克伊斯兰抵抗组织（Islamic Resistance in Iraq）表示，它已经对以色列发动了远程攻击。以色列报告没有影响。

December 30 2023: The first time Netanyahu is asked about the Philadelphi Corridor between Gaza and Egypt. He says it must remain in Israel’s control. It later becomes a sticking point in Israel’s refusal to commit to a cease fire deal.
2023 年 12 月 30 日：内塔尼亚胡首次被问及加沙和埃及之间的费城走廊。他说，它必须继续在以色列的控制之下。它后来成为以色列拒绝承诺停火协议的症结所在。

January 2 2024: The deputy chair of the political arm of Hamas is killed in an Israeli strike in Beirut, Lebanon with six other group members.
2024 年 1 月 2 日：哈马斯政治部门副主席与其他六名组织成员在黎巴嫩贝鲁特的以色列袭击中丧生。

January 11 2024: The International Court of Justice hears opening statements in a case brought by South Africa, in which it accuses Israel of committing a genocide campaign against the Palestinian population. Israel denies the accusation.
2024 年 1 月 11 日：国际法院听取了南非提起的一起案件的开庭陈述，该案指控以色列对巴勒斯坦人民犯下了种族灭绝运动。以色列否认了这一指控。

February 9 2024: Netanyahu instructs Israel’s military to present plans to his Cabinet to evacuate the civilian population from Rafah in southern Gaza, and for a military operation, which he says will “eliminate” Hamas in the city.
2024 年 2 月 9 日：内塔尼亚胡指示以色列军方向他的内阁提交计划，从加沙南部的拉法撤离平民，并采取军事行动，他说这将“消灭”该市的哈马斯。

February 10 2024: Saudi Arabia and other Arab states issue statements against an Israeli military operation in Rafah.
2024 年 2 月 10 日：沙特阿拉伯和其他阿拉伯国家发表声明，反对以色列在拉法的军事行动。

February 20 2024: The United States vetoes a UN Security Council proposal to stop the conflict.
2024 年 2 月 20 日：美国否决了联合国安理会关于停止冲突的提案。

February 29 2024: Hamas-run Health Ministry in Gaza says the death toll has surpassed 30,000 people. It does not give a break down of how many militants are in the figure.
2024 年 2 月 29 日：哈马斯控制的加沙卫生部表示，死亡人数已超过 30,000 人。它没有给出图中有多少武装分子的明细。

March 9 2024: The European Union’s top diplomat warns an attack on Rafah would create a humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza.
2024 年 3 月 9 日：欧盟最高外交官警告说，对拉法的袭击将在加沙造成人道主义灾难。

March 22 2024: Netanyahu announces an Israeli military operation in Rafah after meeting with the US Secretary of State Antony Blinken. The White House says a ground attack on Rafah is a mistake.
2024 年 3 月 22 日：内塔尼亚胡在与美国国务卿安东尼·布林肯会晤后宣布以色列在拉法采取军事行动。白宫表示，对拉法的地面攻击是一个错误。

March 26 2024: The US abstains from a ceasefire proposal at the UN Security Council, which passes with 14 votes in favour.
2024 年 3 月 26 日：美国在联合国安理会以 14 票赞成通过停火提案。

April 1 2024: Israel strikes the Iranian Embassy in Damascus, Syria. The strike kills a senior commander in the Islamic Revolutionary Guards, a branch of the Iranian Armed Forces. Hezbollah and the Houthis launch a series of missiles at Israel in response. Most are shot down by the country’s air defences before they hit their intended targets.
2024 年 4 月 1 日：以色列袭击了伊朗驻叙利亚大马士革大使馆。这次空袭杀死了伊朗武装部队的一个分支伊斯兰革命卫队的一名高级指挥官。作为回应，真主党和胡塞武装向以色列发射了一系列导弹。大多数导弹在击中预定目标之前就被该国的防空系统击落。

May 4 2024: Mediators (US, Qatar and Egypt) meet in Cairo to discuss a possible cease fire and hostage release deal with Israel and Hamas.
2024 年 5 月 4 日：调解员（美国、卡塔尔和埃及）在开罗举行会议，讨论与以色列和哈马斯可能的停火和人质释放协议。

May 6 2024: Hamas agrees to a modified cease fire deal. Israel says it does not meet its demands.
2024 年 5 月 6 日：哈马斯同意修改后的停火协议。以色列表示，它没有满足自己的要求。

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May 7 2024: The US pauses a shipment of more than 3000 bombs to Israel due to concerns they could be used against civilians in Rafah. The Egypt-Gaza border crossing is sealed, and most of Gaza is ordered to evacuate by the Israeli Defence Forces (IDF).
2024 年 5 月 7 日：美国暂停向以色列运送 3000 多枚炸弹，因为担心这些炸弹可能被用来对付拉法的平民。埃及-加沙边境口岸被封锁，以色列国防军 （IDF） 命令加沙大部分地区撤离。

June 10 2024: Benny Gantz, a centrist member of Israel’s war cabinet, resigns. He accuses Netanyahu of mismanaging the war effort and putting his own political career ahead of Israel’s security needs. Netanyahu is left more reliant on far-right allies, who oppose a cease fire proposal.
2024 年 6 月 10 日：以色列战争内阁的中间派成员本尼·甘茨 （Benny Gantz） 辞职。他指责内塔尼亚胡对战争努力管理不善，将自己的政治生涯置于以色列的安全需求之上。内塔尼亚胡更加依赖反对停火提议的极右翼盟友。

June 17 2024: Netanyahu dissolves Israel’s war cabinet.
2024 年 6 月 17 日：内塔尼亚胡解散以色列战争内阁。

July 19 2024: The International Court of Justice gives an advisory opinion on a separate court proceeding regarding Israeli occupation of Palestinian territory. The court says the occupation is unlawful.
2024 年 7 月 19 日：国际法院就有关以色列占领巴勒斯坦领土的单独法院程序提供咨询意见。法院表示，这种占领是非法的。

July 31 2024: The head of Hamas’ political branch, Ismail Haniyeh, is assassinated in Tehran. Iran and the US accuse Israel of being behind the attack. Israel does not comment.
2024 年 7 月 31 日：哈马斯政治分支负责人伊斯梅尔·哈尼耶在德黑兰被暗杀。伊朗和美国指责以色列是这次袭击的幕后黑手。以色列没有置评。

August 7 2024: Hamas names Yahya Sinwar as its new leader.
2024 年 8 月 7 日：哈马斯任命叶海亚·辛瓦尔为新领导人。

August 12 2024: The US sends a submarine to the Middle East. It now has around 40,000 troops stationed across the region.
2024 年 8 月 12 日：美国向中东派遣一艘潜艇。它现在在该地区驻扎了大约 40,000 名士兵。

August 15 2024: Netanyahu is again accused of blocking a cease fire deal, but sends a team to mediation talks with the US, Egypt and Qatar in Doha. Hamas does not send a delegation, but says it will meet with the mediators afterwards.
2024 年 8 月 15 日：内塔尼亚胡再次被指控阻止停火协议，但派出一个团队在多哈与美国、埃及和卡塔尔进行调解谈判。哈马斯没有派出代表团，但表示稍后将与调解员会面。

August 16 2024: The death toll is Gaza is reported to have reached 40,000, according to the Hamas-run Health Ministry in Gaza.
2024 年 8 月 16 日：据哈马斯在加沙运营的卫生部称，据报道，加沙的死亡人数已达到 40,000 人。

August 24 2024: A case of polio in a ten month old baby is confirmed in Gaza. It’s the first time the virus has been detected in the territory for 25 years.
2024 年 8 月 24 日：加沙确认一名 10 个月大的婴儿患有脊髓灰质炎病例。这是 25 年来首次在该地区发现该病毒。

August 26 2024: Israel and Hezbollah have a major missile exchange across the Israel-Lebanon border.
2024 年 8 月 26 日：以色列和真主党在以色列-黎巴嫩边境进行了一次重大导弹交火。

August 30 2024: Multiple three day pauses in fighting in Gaza are agreed to allow for a polio vaccination campaign to take place. The UN says it aims to vaccinate 640,000 children.
2024 年 8 月 30 日：双方同意多次暂停加沙的战斗，为期三天，以便开展脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种活动。联合国表示，它的目标是为 640,000 名儿童接种疫苗。

September 1 2024: The first pause in fighting to allow for polio vaccinations begins in Gaza, and is adhered to by both Israel and Hamas.
2024 年 9 月 1 日：为允许脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种而进行的战斗首次暂停始于加沙，以色列和哈马斯都遵守了这一规定。

September 2 2024: Israel finds the bodies of six hostages in Gaza, including American-Israeli Hersh Goldberg-Polin. Protests break out in Israel, with demonstrators calling for Netanyahu to get the hostages home or resign. More than 100 Israeli hostages are reported to still be held in Gaza. The protests last for days and shut down whole sectors of the Israeli economy and roads across the country.
2024 年 9 月 2 日：以色列在加沙发现六名人质的尸体，其中包括美籍以色列人赫什·戈德堡-波林 （Hersh Goldberg-Polin）。以色列爆发了抗议活动，示威者呼吁内塔尼亚胡将人质带回家或辞职。据报道，仍有 100 多名以色列人质被关押在加沙。抗议活动持续了几天，导致以色列经济的整个部门和全国各地的道路关闭。

September 4 2024: Fighting resumes in Gaza after the end of the first polio vaccination round.
2024 年 9 月 4 日：第一轮脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种结束后，加沙的战斗重新开始。

September 13 2024: The UN announces just under 559,000 children have been successfully vaccinated against polio in Gaza. The second round of vaccinations is scheduled for mid-October.
2024 年 9 月 13 日：联合国宣布加沙已有近 559,000 名儿童成功接种了脊髓灰质炎疫苗。第二轮疫苗接种定于 10 月中旬进行。

September 15 2024: A Houthi ballistic missile hits central Israel for the first time. Israel says it was intercepted, and only fragments made contact. No deaths are reported.
2024 年 9 月 15 日：一枚胡塞弹道导弹首次击中以色列中部。以色列表示，它被拦截了，只有碎片落下。没有死亡报告。

September 18 2024: Hundreds of pagers, mostly used by Hezbollah, explode across Lebanon, killing 12 and injuring thousands. The Lebanon government and Hezbollah blame Israel’s Mossad intelligence agency for the attack. Israel does not comment.
2024 年 9 月 18 日：黎巴嫩各地数百台传呼机（主要由真主党使用）爆炸，造成 12 人死亡，数千人受伤。黎巴嫩政府和真主党将这次袭击归咎于以色列的摩萨德情报机构。以色列没有置评。

September 19 2024: Hundreds of hand-held radios or walkie talkies, again mostly used by Hezbollah, explode in Lebanon, killing 20 and injuring hundreds. Some explode at the funerals of those killed in the pager blasts the day before. Again, the Lebanese government and Hezbollah blame Mossad. Israel does not comment.
2024 年 9 月 19 日：黎巴嫩数百台手持收音机或对讲机（同样主要由真主党使用）在黎巴嫩爆炸，造成 20 人死亡，数百人受伤。有些人在前一天的寻呼机爆炸中丧生者的葬礼上爆炸。黎巴嫩政府和真主党再次指责摩萨德。以色列没有置评。

September 21 2024: Israel ramps up air strikes on what it says are Hezbollah targets within Lebanon. Almost 500 people will be killed in strikes in four days.
2024 年 9 月 21 日：以色列加大了对黎巴嫩境内真主党目标的空袭力度。四天内将有近 500 人在空袭中丧生。

September 27 2024: Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah is killed in an Israeli air strike. At the United Nations General Assembly in New York, France and the US propose a 21 day temporary cease fire deal between Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon. Netanyahu does not comment on it before his foreign minister says tells the public in Israel that he will not support it. Hezbollah says it will stop fighting if there is a cease fire in Gaza.
2024 年 9 月 27 日：真主党领导人哈桑·纳斯鲁拉在以色列的空袭中丧生。在纽约联合国大会上，法国和美国提议以色列和黎巴嫩真主党之间达成为期 21 天的临时停火协议。内塔尼亚胡没有对此发表评论，直到他的外交部长对以色列公众表示他不会支持。真主党表示，如果加沙停火，它将停止战斗。

September 30 2024: The Israeli military fires missiles into a Houthi-controlled area of Yemen, killing five.
2024 年 9 月 30 日：以色列军方向也门胡塞武装控制区发射导弹，造成 5 人死亡。

October 1 2024: The Israeli military begins what it describes as a ‘limited’, ‘localised’ and ‘targeted’ ground operation in southern Lebanon. Hezbollah responds by firing rockets into northern Israel.
2024 年 10 月 1 日：以色列军方在黎巴嫩南部开始了它所说的“有限”、“局部”和“目标”地面行动。真主党的回应是向以色列北部发射火箭弹。

October 2 2024: Iran launches 180 missiles at Israel, most are intercepted by Israeli and US forces. Iran claimed the attack was in response to the Israeli assassination of Hassan Nasrallah. A terror attack in Israel, shortly before the missile barrage, kills eight people. It’s not known if it was related. The Israeli military also reveals it has been conducting ground incursions into Lebanon for months.
2024 年 10 月 2 日：伊朗向以色列发射了 180 枚导弹，其中大部分被以色列和美国军队拦截。伊朗声称这次袭击是为了回应以色列暗杀哈桑·纳斯鲁拉 （Hassan Nasrallah）。在导弹弹幕发生前不久，以色列发生了一起恐怖袭击，造成 8 人死亡。目前尚不清楚这是否相关。以色列军方还透露，几个月来，他们一直在对黎巴嫩进行地面入侵。

October 3 2024: Eight Israeli soldiers are killed in the first direct confrontations with Hezbollah on the ground in southern Lebanon. The IDF has now issued evacuation orders for about a quarter of Lebanon’s territory. Up to one million people are thought to be displaced internally. A major Israeli strike on Khan Younis in Gaza kills at least 50 people. Israel says it was targeting Hamas.
2024 年 10 月 3 日：八名以色列士兵在黎巴嫩南部与真主党的首次直接对抗中丧生。以色列国防军现在已经对黎巴嫩大约四分之一的领土发出了疏散令。据信，多达 100 万人在国内流离失所。以色列对加沙汗尤尼斯的一次重大袭击造成至少 50 人死亡。以色列表示，它的目标是哈马斯。

Reuters, AP, CNN and BBC content has been used to help create this timeline.
路透社、美联社、CNN 和 BBC 的内容已被用于帮助创建此时间表。